An innovative method of treatment of multilayer and multi constituent waste by supercritical CO2 delamination: an example with photovoltaic panels - Institut National de l'Energie Solaire
Communication Dans Un Congrès Année : 2023

An innovative method of treatment of multilayer and multi constituent waste by supercritical CO2 delamination: an example with photovoltaic panels

Résumé

Energy production from photovoltaic panels sharply increases owing to worldwide demand and transition toward decarbonized energy generation. End of life panels mass is expected to reach up to 8 million tons in 2030, which makes necessary a cost-effective and eco-friendly recycling process. The majority of crystalline silicon based photovoltaic panels has a multilayer structure with a glass plate, a polymer backsheet and the cell encapsulated in an elastomer. To recover silicon based cell, separation step is mandatory; it generally involves mechanical, thermal and/or chemical processes. However, these processes either have high energy consumption or generate high flows of secondary effluents. To overcome these drawbacks, an innovative process based on supercritical CO2 (SCCO2) delamination has been studied. The principle of SCCO2 delamination is as follows: the encapsulant polymer absorbs SCCO2 before fast depressurization inducing foaming and consequently loss of adhesion at the interfaces. The efficiency of this process has been assessed considering three encapsulants: ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), elastomeric polyolefin (POE) and ethylene methacrylic acid ionomer. According to the nature of each encapsulant and well defined methodology [1], operating temperature (between 60 and 90°C) and pressure (between 100 and 140 bar) and time duration have been determined. Results shows that SCCO2 process allows to consider delamination of first generation EVA-based photovoltaic modules and next generation of modules constituted with ionomers. Works are in progress in order to improve results on POE and evaluate scale-up on real photovoltaic panels at m2 scale.

Domaines

Génie chimique
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Dates et versions

hal-04756043 , version 1 (28-10-2024)

Identifiants

  • HAL Id : hal-04756043 , version 1

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Axel Briand, Antoine Leybros, Olivier Doucet, J.C. Ruiz, Fabrice Lamadie, et al.. An innovative method of treatment of multilayer and multi constituent waste by supercritical CO2 delamination: an example with photovoltaic panels. ISSFT 2023 - International Symposium on Supercritical Fluid Technologies, Oct 2023, Suwon, South Korea. ⟨hal-04756043⟩
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